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Questions people ask about UK pay

Take £50,000 gross in 2026/27. What reaches your account is roughly £37,520 a year, or £3,127 a month. Income tax accounts for about £7,540, all of it at the basic rate, and National Insurance for a further £4,940.

That is an effective rate of about 25%. Put another way, at this salary you are keeping around 75p of every pound.

£65,000 gross works out at roughly £45,360 a year in the hand for 2026/27, about £3,780 a month. Income tax comes to around £14,432, now spanning both the basic and higher rate, with National Insurance adding about £5,208.

The effective rate here is roughly 30.2%. The marginal rate, meaning what the next pound of a pay rise would actually cost you, is 42%: 40% income tax plus 2% National Insurance.

Four bands, unchanged in structure:

Personal Allowance: nothing on the first £12,570
Basic rate: 20% from £12,571 to £50,270
Higher rate: 40% from £50,271 to £125,140
Additional rate: 45% above £125,140

There is a trap above £100,000. The Personal Allowance is withdrawn at £1 for every £2 earned past that point, which produces a genuine 60% marginal rate on the stretch between £100,000 and £125,140 even though no band says 60%.

Class 1 employee rates for 2026/27:

Nothing on earnings to £12,570
8% from £12,571 to £50,270
2% on anything above £50,270

On a £40,000 salary that works out at £2,184 for the year, around £182 a month.

The Personal Allowance for 2026/27 is £12,570, and no income tax is due on earnings up to it. National Insurance starts at the same £12,570, the two thresholds having been aligned since 2022.

Above £100,000 the allowance starts to disappear, and by £125,140 there is none of it left.

Gross is the figure on the contract, before anything is taken off. Net, or take-home pay, is what survives income tax and National Insurance and turns up in your account.

For most UK employees the gap runs somewhere between 18% and 35%, widening as salary rises. The calculator at the top of the page will give you the figure for yours.

See what specific roles earn after tax in the UK - nurses, software engineers, doctors, lawyers, and more.

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